注册 |登录

两江新区网门户 › 经济研究 › 查看内容

科技创新金融支撑体系的构建

2012年1月13日 19:30| 发布者: admin| 查看数: 70| 评论数: 11|原作者: 天津职业技术师范大学经管学院,吴纬地,孙可娜,刘娜|来自: 《中国经贸导刊》 | 省纸打印

摘要: 科技创新是我国经济社会可持续发展的根本。金融支撑不足是困扰我国科技创新的重要因素之一。我国现有金融服务尚未形成从科技研发到成果转化对接的完整体系。本文探讨如何从科技企业运行特点和金融服务客观需要出发, ...

    [摘要]科技创新是我国经济社会可持续发展的根本。http://www.liangjiang.org金融支撑不足是困扰我国科技创新的重要因素之一。我国现有金融服务尚未形成从科技研发到成果转化对接的完整体系。本文探讨如何从科技企业运行特点和金融服务客观需要出发,构建与之相匹配的金融支撑体系,以有效促进我国的科技创新和金融深化是本文研究的意义所在。
   
    国际经验表明,金融支撑体系可以有效地促进科技创新。没有有力的金融支撑体系,科技创新将难以发展。金融支撑体系从多个方面支持科技创新的发展,因此构建科技创新的金融支撑体系是非常有必要的。
   
    一、问题的提出
   
   
金融危机正在深刻改变世界经济的格局,我国粗放型经济增长模式将无法持续,只有通过科技创新,调整产业结构,实现产业升级,才能够实现我国经济社会的可持续发展。然而,金融支撑不足制约着科技创新的发展,唯有建立一套完整的金融支撑体系才是保证我国经济持续发展的最终解决方案。
   
    二、构建科技创新的金融支撑体系的必要性
   
    (一)有利于满足科技创新的融资需求
   
   
科技创新的主体,不论是大企业、中小企业还是科研院所都被科技创新所需要的资金困扰着。科技创新往往需要巨额的资金支持,单靠企业的自有资金往往难以满足研发的需要,构建有助于科技创新的金融支撑体系将有效地摆脱资金困局。
   
   
   
    (二)有利于科技创新的资产定价
   
   
科技创新具有带来未来收益的可能性,可以看作是一种资产,但是其价格很难确定。只有构建科技创新的金融支撑体系才能为其确定公平合理的价格,促进科技创新的转化以及产业化。
   
    (三)有利于科技创新的风险管理
   
   
科技创新具有较大的风险,单个主体往往无法承担研发失败带来的损失,潜在的风险削弱了部分主体研发投入的积极性,不利于科技创新的发展。科技创新的金融支撑体系将利用分散、对冲、转移、规避、补偿等手段降低科技创新的风险,提高科技创新主体的积极性,促进科技创新的发展。
   
    (四)有利于科技创新的激励和约束
   
   
科技创新的有效性一直是社会关心的核心问题,许多科技创新的成果并没有使用价值,投资于项目上的资金势必被浪费,不利于资金的有效利用。科技创新的金融支撑体系将激励有效的科技创新,抑制无效的科技创新,提高科技创新的有效性和资本的有效利用。
   
    三、科技创新金融支撑体系的构建
   
    (一)创造一个良好的外部环境
   
   
一是政策环境。没有中央和各级地方政府政策的支持,科技创新的金融支撑体系将难以构建。二是信用环境。要构建科技创新的金融支撑体系,必须要提升科技创新主体的信用程度,只有具有良好的信用环境金融资本才有可能进入科技创新领域。三是法治环境。目前,应尽快完善相关的法律法规,保护各方当事人的合法利益。
   
    (二)积极发挥政策性金融的作用
   
   
一是设立政策性科技发展银行。国家开发银行、中国进出口银行、中国农业发展银行三大政策性银行由于业务限制对科技创新的支撑力度有限,因此国家应该尽快设立专门针对科技创新的国家科技发展银行。国家科技发展银行是由政府设立,代表国家利益并按市场运作的特殊法人。二是建立多层次的覆盖广泛的政策性担保体系。金融支持科技创新的国际经验表明,建立多层次的覆盖广泛的担保体系是鼓励和支持金融机构促进科技创新的重要举措。三是积极发展政策性科技保险。科技保险能有效地控制科技创新的风险。这不仅能有效激励企业的科技创新,而且可以引导更多金融资本流入,有助于解决科技创新的资金困境。
   
   
   
    (三)加大商业银行的支持力度
   
   
1.提高商业银行放贷的积极性。商业银行是自主经营、自负盈亏的经济主体,会按照风险和收益相匹配的原则运营。由于现行体制的制约,银行很难发放科技贷款。提高商业银行发放科技贷款的积极性,可行的办法是采用“基准利率加风险溢价”的方法,即在科技创新贷款初期执行基准利率,待科技创新取得收益时再获得相应的风险溢价。
   
    2.商业银行积极开展金融创新。商业银行只有在管理理念、管理方式、业务模式等方面进行金融创新,才能更好地服务科技创新并获得相应的收益。
   
    3.设立科技银行。可以借鉴美国硅谷银行的经验,设立专门针对科技创新型企业发放科技贷款的商业银行,具体的操作过程可以从先建立金融服务公司再过度到科技银行。此外,商业银行还可以在科技创新集中的地区设立科技支行发放科技贷款,杭州银行科技支行是首家专门为科技型企业提供全面金融服务的专营机构,该行的经验值得其他商业银行借鉴。
   
    (四)建立、完善多层次的资本市场
   
   
1.扩大创业板市场规模。创业板市场为处于初创期的科技创新型企业提供资本市场的各项服务,促其快速成长并推动科技创新成果的转化。我国已于2009年创立了创业板市场,目前应加速扩大市场规模以满足更多的科技创新企业的融资需求。
   
    2.完善代办股份转让系统。代办股份转让系统是多层次资本市场重要的组成部分,是高新技术企业进入资本市场的“蓄水池”和“孵化器”。代办股份转让系统应积极为非上市的科技创新型企业的股权转让提供优质快捷的服务,促使科技创新的成果转化。
   
    3.大力发展企业债券市场。债券融资是企业外部融资的重要形式,在提高金融资产流动性等方面具有股权融资不可替代的作用。为发挥多层次资本市场对科技创新的支持作用,必须大力发展企业债券市场。科技创新型的企业发行企业债券应注意风险和收益的匹配。美国、日本等国科技资金的来源渠道中债券融资占有相当大的比重,对于吸引社会闲散资金起了重要作用。
   
    4.积极建立完善科技产权市场。科技产权市场是科技成果转让的场所,目前,相当部分科技创新单位缺乏科技成果转化的能力,因此应建立更多的有利于科技成果尽快转化形式多样的科技产权市场,进一步促进科技成果的产业化。
   
    (五)完善风险投资机制
   
   
1.拓宽风险投资的资金来源。应借鉴国际经验,逐步引导以下资本进入风险投资领域:一是各类金融机构。如果采取适当的方式引导商业银行、保险公司、证券公司、信托投资公司、公墓基金和私募基金机构进入风险投资领域,将会极大地促进风险投资的发展。二是有实力的大企业。有实力的大企业往往掌握数量庞大的货币资金,如能引导其进入风险投资领域,一方面可以满足其资金保值增值的要求,另一方面可以显著促进风险投资的发展。三是个人投资者。2010年我国居民储蓄存款余额达到30多万亿元,比2009年增加16.3%。我国个人投资者的资金在相当比例上可以参与风险投资。四是外资。引导外资进入风险投资领域一方面可以拓宽、扩大风险投资的资金来源,另一方面可以满足外资增值保值的内在要求。
   
    2.拓宽风险投资的退出渠道。只有具备通畅的退出渠道风险投资才能实现良性循环并得以不断成长壮大。借鉴国际经验,风险投资的退出渠道主要为创业板市场和代办股份转让系统。我国应进一步扩大创业板和代办股份转让系统的市场规模,完善其运营经营管理,保证其通畅快捷。
   
    (六)积极进行金融创新
   
   
由于科技创新活动自身的特点,现有的金融体系尚不能完全满足其多样化的融资需求。针对科技创新活动的特点,必须打破传统的思维,在金融制度、金融机构、金融工具等等方面进行有针对性的金融创新。例如,可以采用资产证券化的形式将科技创新企业的部分产权或成果,出售给普通的投资者,以便更加充分有效地利用社会资本。再如,还可以建立科技小额贷款公司,小额贷款公司由于门槛低,机制灵活,往往可以作为金融创新的试点。
   
           本文网址:http://www.liangjiang.org/article-4058-1.html

相关阅读

发表评论最新评论

引用 plusplus 2012年2月17日 02:07
<strong><a href="http://www.ibootsonline.com/christian-louboutin-c-1315.html">Christian Louboutin</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.ibootsonline.com/christian-louboutin-c-1315.html">christian louboutin sale</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.ibootsonline.com/christian-louboutin-c-1315.html">christian louboutin boots</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.ibootsonline.com/christian-louboutin-c-1315.html">louboutin shoes</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.ibootsonline.com/christian-louboutin-c-1315.html">louboutin boots</a></strong><br>
引用 bajajbran 2012年2月9日 04:58
<strong><a href="http://www.realreplicawatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">Replica Rolex Wacthes</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.realreplicawatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">fake Rolex Wacthes</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.realreplicawatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">cheap Replica Rolex Wacthes</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.realreplicawatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">Replica Rolex Wacthes online</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.realreplicawatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">Replica Rolex Wacthes sale</a></strong><br>
.Golfers need specific inclinations on night clubs, and they in all probability already develop the clubs some people prefer.Thus you are going to just throw away cash by choosing something you feel might support your player without discovering specifically exactly what he enjoys.Additionally, each golfer contains a unique model and wife swapping technique.Club set makers help those idiosyncrasies, and for that reason unless people truly realize your golfer's pattern, stay beyond purchasing an issue that might definitely hinder the game.<br />
<br />
If you need hardware, think about a tech-savvy devices for golf players.Universal cool gadgets that assess the speech on the player's swing in so doing predict the gap a soccer ball might grasp with 1 swing can certainly improve a new golfer's gameplay
引用 ldolemmingreina 2012年2月3日 22:51
<strong><a href="http://www.tiffanynecklace.org/tiffany-bracelets-c-1.html">Cheap tiffany earrings</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.tiffanynecklace.org/tiffany-bracelets-c-1.html">silver tiffany bracelets</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.tiffanynecklace.org/tiffany-necklaces-c-3.html">Cheap tiffany necklace</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.tiffanynecklace.org/tiffany-necklaces-c-3.html">tiffany necklaces on sale</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.tiffanynecklace.org/tiffany-necklaces-c-3.html">Tiffany Necklaces</a></strong><br>
.<br /><br />Costume stores aim at provide for all customers who are seeking for a costume in most adult men of all ages & gals sizes, even the extraordinary plus dimension costumes.Among this largely formed outfits there can be fairies, geisha, goddesses, Inflammed Riding Hoods, gladiators, angry and werewolves.Younger theatre and also Halloween fans can be likely to uncover interesting dresses here.Pr announcements stores offer many adult costumes adapted meant for teens in addition to children with a wide selection of outfits especially intended for toddlers not to mention babies.Are aware of the angel as well as fairy costumes to your most adorable getups you have got ever seen for any little your.Before the purchase of a costume it truly is strongly recommended that you simply check out the sizing chart for your manufacture for the particular thing as every single manufactures try to make costumes in another way
引用 schrankrica 2012年2月2日 18:58
<strong><a href="http://www.pandoraoff.com/">Cheap Pandora Necklaces</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.pandoraoff.com/">Cheap Pandora Bracelets</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.pandoraoff.com/">Cheap Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.pandoraoff.com/free-gift-zone-c-17.html">Free gift zone</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.pandoraoff.com/free-gift-zone-c-17.html">Cheap Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
.For this reason, it is important for one to read all paperwork added with your bill also to watch out for changes inside your fixed charge.<br />
<br />
Any Introductory Rate<br />
<br />
At the time you shop over the numerous cheap credit lines available, most likely pay virtually all your care about the opening rate.Ordinarily, introductory estimates on low interest rate rate cards are minimum and preset.In basic fact, it isn't really unusual to work out cheap credit cards with APRs involving 0.00%.Tips to look located at, however, is the APR as soon as introductory time period is comprehensive and stylish variable and / or fixed.This is very important if you can't foresee yourself having the capacity to pay a person's balances in full after a introductory interval is full
引用 cheapfriendship 2012年2月2日 08:48
<strong><a href="http://www.firstgolfclubs.com/callaway-first-c-5.html">callaway golf</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.firstgolfclubs.com/callaway-first-c-5.html">allaway golf clubs</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.firstgolfclubs.com/callaway-first-c-5.html">callaway golf club</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.firstgolfclubs.com/callaway-first-c-5.html">discount callaway</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.firstgolfclubs.com/cleveland-first-c-10.html">golf shop</a></strong><br>
.Machines routinely have you seated.Machines likewise isolate often one muscle tissues group before starting...and in any controlled routine.<br />
<br />
None of this above promises support increasing your swing action.Your golf swing technique is "on any feet", using many muscles in any certain chain of actions, while controlling yourself in space or room.Machines obtain none of that! <br />
<br />
Bare minimum Equipment<br />
<br />
Instead of don't require a gym...what would you like to get started upon your new application? I can let you know emphatically AS I designed most of my world of golf training cds, manual and additionally online the sport of golf training program sites to add in minimal and incredibly affordable appliances.<br />
<br />
Believe it or not, you can setup your full golf fitness home fitness center for within $100 money! All you would like is a new stability tennis ball, exercise tubing, hand weights and possibly a weighted treatment ball
引用 wickheimnewt 2012年1月28日 14:04
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">Pandora</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">cheap Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">buy Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">discount Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
引用 altjepkemamiche 2012年1月20日 22:11
<strong><a href="http://www.newfakewatches.com/">Replica Welder Wacthes</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.newfakewatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">Replica Rolex Wacthes</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.newfakewatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">fake Rolex Wacthes</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.newfakewatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">cheap Replica Rolex Wacthes</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.newfakewatches.com/replica-rolex-wacthes-c-275.html">Replica Rolex Wacthes online</a></strong><br>
.The The web is fraught utilizing advertising opportunities and revolutionary technology to assist you to in your online business.For case study, whether you can be a begin online pawn browse or usually have an well-known store control high level of credit minute card transactions each month, acquiring an excellent risk seller account is a really big help your enterprise.<br /><br />A precarious merchant balance provider gives initial pawn shops the capability to process plastic cards through a reliable payment gateway and either their essential bank.Even so, it moreover allows huge volume merchants acknowledge even though millions with dollars in monthly deals using an array of currencies.<br /><br />Most prominently, pawn retail stores cannot perform online once they aren't able assure ones own customers which will their financial transactions are risk-free
引用 ynrosendjacq 2012年1月18日 16:11
<strong><a href="http://www.onlyswarovski.com/">swarovski store</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.onlyswarovski.com/fashion-accessories-c-9.html">Fashion Accessories</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.onlyswarovski.com/fashion-accessories-c-9.html">swarovski charms</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.onlyswarovski.com/fashion-accessories-c-9.html">swarovski cross necklaces</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.onlyswarovski.com/fashion-accessories-c-9.html">swarovski cross pendants</a></strong><br>
.The Greeks had a thing for utilizing precious stones in conjunction with gold to develop their bracelets.Stones like emeralds, garnets, and amethysts wasn't the sole materials to display their necklaces possessions.Basically stones for differing styles were frequently used, not to mention glass and additionally enamel for the forging about jeweled trinkets.One for the more strange customs in your art with jewelry making, occurred within Victorian period of time.Mourning jewelry came to be to recognise the driving of loved ones.Mourning jewelry came to be using charcoal colored stones, and sometimes locks associated with hair from the deceased were tightly garbled or braided within the jewelry.Different and macabre by just today's values, but well-known place good
引用 wirelessheadset 2012年1月18日 02:29
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">Pandora</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">cheap Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">buy Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.bigwholesalejewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">discount Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
引用 ondreshershann 2012年1月15日 10:40
<strong><a href="http://www.iamjewelers.com/">jewelry wholesale</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.iamjewelers.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">Pandora</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.iamjewelers.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.iamjewelers.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">cheap Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.iamjewelers.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">buy Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
引用 pumpspumps 2012年1月14日 16:57
<strong><a href="http://www.loginjewelry.com/">discount jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.loginjewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">Pandora</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.loginjewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.loginjewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">cheap Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>
<strong><a href="http://www.loginjewelry.com/pandora-jewelry-c-77.html">buy Pandora Jewelry</a></strong><br>

黑板报|建议反馈|管理团队|创新计划|公益活动|赞助本站|点击这里和两江新区网在线交流

©2009-2010 两江新区网. 本站为民间公益社区网站.

渝ICP备09010989号.